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WOMEN'S STUDIES 460


"Balance," from "World Wall," mural by Judy Baca, 1991

GENDER, RACE, AND NATURE IN AMERICAN CULTURE


This course teaches students to think critically about the way "nature" and concepts of the "natural" are used politically in American culture. It will take two approaches to exploring the politics of nature. First, how is the idea of the "natural" used to justify social inequalities based on race, class, and gender? Second, what are the consequences for the environment of various American myths about nature?

The guiding purpose in the class is to investigate the possibility that these two questions are related and have to be answered together to produce effective strategies for solving environmental problems. A secondary goal of the course is to provide students with the tools to critically evaluate both mainstream and radical environmental discourse.

The course will provide practical experience in using interdisciplinary methods and resources, operate within a broad historical sweep from the colonial period to the contemporary, and develop critical thinking and writing skills. We will read a variety of materials, from theoretical analyses, to personal stories, to historical narratives, to political polemics. We will also pay particular attention to intertwining representations of nature, race, gender, sexuality, and class in U.S. popular culture.

The course has a prerequisite of Wst 200: Introduction to Women's Studies; CAC 101: Introduction to Comparative American Cultures; or WSt/CAC/SOC 300: Intersections of Race, Class, and Gender. It fulfills General Education requirements for an Intercultural [K] and/or Tier III Capstone course.


LINKS TO OTHER CLASS PAGES:

    Class Assignments
    Examples of Cultural Analyses of Race, Gender, Class
    Welcome to the "Speakeasy" Classroom
    Women's Studies Program Main Homepage

    SYLLABUS
    | Week 1 | Week 2 | Week 3 | Week 4 | Week 5 | Week 6 | Week 7 | Week 8 | Week 9
    | Week 10 | Week 11 | Week 12 | Week 13 | Week 14 |Week 15

    Texts Include:

    • TSHofrichter, Richard, ed. Toxic Struggles: The Theory and Practice of Environmental Justice
    • UGCronon, William, ed. Uncommon Ground: Rethinking the Human Place in Nature
    • EWEMerchant, Carolyn, Radical Ecology: The Search for A Livable World
    • XArticles on reserve at Holland Library (look up under the class or Dr. Noël Sturgeon). Also available at Cougar Copies.

    REQUIREMENTS
    This will be a lecture/discussion. Occasionally we will see short videos or clips of movies in class; these are noted in the syllabus as "viewings."

    Students will learn the skill of critical analysis through a four-level process: participating in class discussion of texts, analyzing cultural objects, writing a short paper which compares different readings, and revising that paper to integrate a larger number of class materials plus outside research if necessary. Further, the class provides opportunities for students to develop their ability to publicly present and defend an argument, to work collaboratively, and use the Internet for research and communication.

    The WST 460 Web page will be used as a supplementary class text by the students, and your work may be part of that page's development. No late papers will be accepted.


    SECTION ONE: AMERICAN NATURES

    ATTENTION: Assignments due in class on the date they are listed.

    WEEK 1: A CRITICAL NATURE

    1/13:

     
    Introduction to the class

    1/15:

    Hofrichter, "Introduction" TS
    Barney, "A Troubled Future" AE
    Adams/Cahn et al, "Future Environmental Challenges" AE

    WEEK 2: REPRESENTING NATURE

    1/20:

     
    MLK Class Holiday: March in his memory on January 15th!!!

    1/22:

    Fiske, "The Jeaning of America" X (reserve reading)
    Assignment: Paper 1 due!!!
    Hexagon-Subdivision Rivers -Explore a series of computer generated landscapes by Ken
    Musgraves--socially constructed and virtual!

    WEEK 3: THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF NATURE: PART ONE

    1/27:

     
    Olwig, "Reinventing Common Nature" UG
    Album, "Social Nature" UG
    Presentation: Darin Saul on "The Nature of the Palouse"

    1/29:

    Cronon, "Introduction" UG
    Album, "Unnatural Nature" UG
    The Palouse Environmental Project -Find out more about the Palouse Environmental Projects at WSU

    WEEK 4: THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF NATURE: PART TWO

    2/3

     
    DiChiro, "Nature as Community" UG
    Price, "Looking for Nature at the Mall" UG

    2/5:

    Elizabeth Bird, "The Social Construction of Nature" X
    Cronon, "Preface" UG
    Album, "Virtual Nature" UG
    Viewing: Paper Tiger Video, "Donna Haraway Reads National Geographic"
    New Age Link - Visit the Taj-Ma-Mall...how are race and nature presented in the kinds of products
    offered?

    WEEK 5: GENDER, RACE, NATURE AND SCIENCE

    2/10

     
    Merchant, "Isis: Women and Science" and "The Death of Nature"
    EWE
    Londa Schiebinger, "Why Mammals are Called Mammals" and
    "The Gendered Ape" in Nature's Body X (book on reserve)
    The Hall of Mammals -Check out how mammals are defined and represented on the Web.
    The Breastfeeding Advocacy Page - How are breasts (re)imagined on this page?

    WEEK 6: ANALYZING RACISM AND SEXISM IN AMERICAN NATURE

    2/17

     
    President's Day Holiday

    2/19

    Student Presentations
    Assignment: Presentation 1 and Paper 2 are due!!

    WEEK 7: STORIES OF EVOLUTION: SEXUALITY AND THE FRONTIER

    2/24

     
    Edward O. Wilson, "Sex" X
    Ruth Hubbard, "The Political Nature of Human Nature" X
    John D'Emilio, "Capitalism and Gay Identity" X

    2/26

    Frederick Jackson Turner, "The Significance of the Frontier"
    Merchant, "Eve:Nature and Narrative" EWE
    Cronon, "Conservation and Anxiety" AE
    Darwin Texts - Read the origins of evolutionary theory.
    The Guns of the Golden West -Think Turner is right and the frontier is gone? Visit this page.

    WEEK 8: NATIVE AMERICAN NATURE

    3/3

     
    White, "Are You an Environmentalist?" UG
    Black Elk, "Native Americans Define the Nature Community" AE
    La Duke, "A Society Based on Conquest Cannot be Sustained" TS

    3/5:

    Smith, "For All Those Who Were Indian in Another Life" X
    William Cronon/Richard White, "Indians in the Land" X
    Viewings: Clips from "The Emerald Forest", "Dances With Wolves", "Powwow
    Highway", etc.
    National Environmental Coalition of Native Americans - Is this web page a kind of cultural activism?
    Native Americans and the Environment - Environmental issues being addressed by Native
    American groups.
    Pro and Con Native Opinions on Pocahontas - Check out views about this controversial Disney film.

    WEEK 9: AMERICAN FRONTIERS IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT

    3/10

     
    Weissman, "Corporate Plundering of
    Third World
    Resources" TS
    Merchant, "Conclusion: Partnership
    Ethics" EWE THE EARTH FROM SPACE.

    3/12

    Ritchie, "Trading Away the
    Environment" TS
    Chavez, "Farm Workers at Risk" TS
    Viewings: Clips from "Alien", "Aliens",
    "Species"

    3/17-3/21

    SPRING BREAK NO CLASS
    The Kennedy Space Center - Visit the military-industrial complex as embodied in NASA.

    WEEK 10: NEW FRONTIERS: EXTRATERRESTIALISM AND NUCLEAR WAR

    3/24

     
    Garb, "Perspective or Escape" X
    Smith, "Human Responsibility" AE
    Seager, "Creating a Culture of Destruction" TS

    3/26

    Sofia, "Exterminating Fetuses" X
    Viewing: Clips from Aliens, Aliens and Species

    SECTION TWO: THE NATURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS

    WEEK 11: FROM CONSERVATION TO ENVIRONMENTALISM

    3/31

     
    Hays, "From Conservation to Environmentalism" AE
    Cronon, "The Trouble With Wilderness" UG
    California's Green Party - Check out one of the newest parties in the United States.

    DEEP ECOLOGY, EARTH FIRST! AND BIOREGIONALISM

    2/4

     
    Leopold, "A Land Ethic" AE
    Sessions/Devall, "Deep Ecology" AE
    Abbey/Foreman, "Monkey-Wrenching" AE
    Earth First! - Information on Earth First! including an electronic version of their journal.

    WEEK 12: SOCIAL ECOLOGY AND ECOFEMINISM

    4/7

     
    Bookchin, "Shortcomings of Environmentalism" AE
    Ellis, "On the Search for a Root Cause" UG

    4/9

    Merchant, "Gaia: Ecofeminism and the Earth" EWE
    King, "Feminism and Ecology" TS
    The Ecofeminist Newsletter - Check out the electronic version of WSU's Ecofeminist Newsletter

    WEEK 13: ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE

    4/14

     
    Moore/Head, "Acknowledging the Past, Confronting the Present", TS
    Hofrichter, "Cultural Activism and Environmental Justice" TS

    4/16

    Krauss, "Blue-Collar Women and Toxic-Waste Protests" TS
    Merchant, "Earthcare" EWE
    The International Institute for Sustainable Development - Includes information on the Institute's Principles and
    a section on what you can do.
    The Freshkill Video Project - The Freshkill Video Project -- an example of environmental art and activism
    American Farmworkers Page - Plenty of links to issues regarding migrant farmworkers within US borders.
    Toxic Wastes on the Border - Focuses on toxic dumping in the border region between San Diego and
    Tijuana.

    WEEK 14: SOUTHERN ENVIRONMENTALISM

    4/21

     
    Guha, "Radical American Environmentalism and Wilderness Preservation: A Third
    World Critique" X

    4/23

    Cecile Jackson, "Women/Nature or Gender/History?" X
    Sites of Animal Rights - A number of animal rights links on the net.

    WEEK 15: ANIMALS AND WOMEN

    4/28

     
    Carol Adams, "Ecofeminism and the Eating of Animals" X
    Val Plumwood, "Human Vulnerability and the Experience of Being Prey" X

    ENVIRONMENTALISM IN CHILDREN'S POPULAR CULTURE

    4/30

     
    Davis, "Touch the Magic" UG
    Viewings: Clips from "Power Rangers", "Ferngully", "Pocahontas"

This page was created by M. Mändler/K.Barber for Dr. Noël Sturgeon. Last updated March 12, 1997

Please report problems to the following address: maendler@wsunix.wsu.edu